Hi Ari, sorry to stop you there...
I think your questions is too broad and difficult to explain. Just know that the five elements are talking about Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, Mars, Venus. The movements of these five planets influence our behaviors and decisions making.
I fully understand your dilemma and this is where 95% of people gave up learning Bazi. I recommend the following rules...
1) Don't try to make sense of the reading. (What Jlim did for you up there is not a 1 day skill. Doesn't mean that you see people with similar setting will be having the same problems as you. Many factors comes into play. Strength, season, luck pillar, logics, common sense, etc.)
2) Start with
memorizing the 10 heavenly stem and their function. (Jia Yang wood Combine Ji Ying earth, Ren Yang water attack Yang Bing fire, etc etc...)
3) Memorize 12 earthly branches. Directional combination, 3 combinations, 2 combination, clash, punishment, etc. REMEMBER them by heart!
4) Learn palm method for both heavenly stem and earthly branches. (youtube etc...)
5) Understand seasons (Wood is strong in spring, exhausted in summer, dead in autumn, incubating in winter, etc...)
At this point you will still be clueless what is all these about and if you still haven't give up learning, THEN you start to look at bazi strength.
6) Understand 得令,得地, 得势. (spend more time in this because if you cannot get this right, you can never read bazi.)
7) Memorized 10 Gods namely 比劫,食伤,财才,官杀,印枭.

At this point you had already spent 3 weeks to a month with 3-4 hrs each day memorizing things that doesn't make any sense. If you pressed on, congratulations, you are on your way to be the 5%. Now you can pick up any books and you will find that it's easier to understand. You are not ready to read bazi yet. Bazi learning is a journey that most probably you will never arrived at your desired destination. You will keep wanting more and trying to reach further. Point 1-7 is just merely building a vehicle so that you can start moving on its path.
9) Now you have the basic skills and functions of Bazi, I want you to focus on topic. E.g - google - famous people died of pneumonia. Spend a few days look at each persons bazi, establish their DM strength, look at when they start falling ill, when they died, etc. DON'T look at what kind of sickness yet. Keep looking and you will see a pattern forming. Don't get excited and don't start going around telling people when they are going to die...LOL. Now move on to the next topic, e.g List of famous people divorced and do the same...
10) Do not mix things together. If you are looking at someone why they became rich on a certain point in their life, focus on it and don't go look at their marriage. It's because the reading can be contradicting. A person can be striking rich but at the same time broke up with their marriage. A person can be obtaining huge fame and becoming sick at the same time.
By now you had already easily spent 6 months on bazi and you still don't have the confidence to read bazi for people. Trust me don't, you would probably be wrong. You can start discussing and debating bazi with people. You can start reading your own bazi on a DAILY BASIS. See, it's a journey. A very far one. You have to be very stubborn to pressed on with this hobby because it can take a long time before it is rewarding.
And you think you are on your way with your journey and this is the time I have some bad news for you on the next post.
Cheers...